Identification of glucose-responsive elements in the promoter of UDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis gene RHM1 in Arabidopsis thaliana / 生物工程学报

In plants, UDP-L-rhamnose is one of the major components of cell wall skeleton. Rhamnose synthase plays a key role in rhamnose synthesis which converts UDP-D-glucose into UDP-L-rhamnose in plants. In this study, we isolated the 1058 bp promoter region of the rhamnose synthase gene AtRHM1 from Arabidopsis genome by PCR, and created a series of deletions of AtRHM1 promoter ranging from -931 bp to +127 bp. The full length of the promoter and its deletion derivatives fused with GUS reporter gene were introduced into wild-type Arabidopsis by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation respectively. The GUS staining and GUS enzymatic activity assay showed that the expression of AtRHM1 is induced at transcriptional level by glucose and the regulatory elements involved in the glucose response are located in the region of -931 bp - -752 bp which contains three G-box motifs.

Influence of uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid on bilirubin glucuronidation in liver microsomes from normal and spironolactone treated rats

En el presente trabajo se estudió la formación de glucuronoconjugados de bilirrubina por microsomas hepáticos de ratas normales y tratadas con el inductor espironolactona (SP). A los efectos de analizar la influencia del ácido uridina difosfoglucurónico (UDPGA) sobre dicho proceso se incorporaron cantidades crecientes de éste a las mezclas de incubación. Los microsomas de ratas tratadas con SP mostraron mayor capacidad de formación de glucurónidos de bilirrubina que los correspondientes testigos, fundamentalmente a expensas del diglucurónido (BDG). Por otro lado, al utilizar concentraciones crecientes de UDPGA en los medios de incubación, aumentó la formación de BDG en mayor proporción que la del monoglucurónido. Doicho comportamiento apoya la hipótesis de la existencia de diferentes subunidades enzimáticas glucuronizantes, con diferentes sespecificidades de sustrato. Por su parte, SP representa un efectivo inductor de la glucuronoconjugación de la bilirrubina, corroborando lo observado previamente en el animal entero

Enhancements of Mouse Hepatic Cytosol Enzyme Activities Involved in UDP-Glucuronic Acid Synthesis, Glutathione Reduction and Conjugation with Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Its Structural Analogs

Activities of hepatic cytosol enzymes involved in UDP-g1ucuronic acid synthesis as well as in glutathione reduction and conjugation systems were determined following administrations of butylated hydroxyanisole (approximately 5 mmol/kg body weight/day) and of equimolar intake doses of its structural anglogs. These compounds included the multi-functional group side chain compounds (t-butyl hydroquinone, 4-hydroxy- anisole, hydroquinone, benzoquinone) and the mono-functional side chain compounds (t-butyl benzene, anisole, phenol). They were administered to mice for 10 days either by mixing them in the diet or by oral intubations. Results showed that glutathione Stransferase activities were markedly increased by all tested compounds except for the t-butyl benzene. Activities of glutathione reductase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase were increased together on1y by BHA and t-butyl hydroguinone. UDP-glucose dehydrogenase and NADH:quinone reductase activities were significantly elevated by the multi-functional side chain compounds, but not by the mono-functional analogs. The relations between chemical structures of tested BHA analogs and elevations of the measured hepatic cytosol conjugation (detoxification) system enzyme activities for the metabolism and excretion of BHA analogs are discussed.